Pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula are the most common traumatic vascular injuries of the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA). Although considered as a protection mechanism against epidural hematoma formation, these lesions carry a high risk of secondary rupture leading to delayed intracranial bleeding with high morbidity and mortality. The concomitant presence of both conditions is rarely reported. We report a case of post traumatic pseudoaneurysm and fistula of the MMA complicated by acute rupture and intracranial bleeding successfully treated by endovascular coiling and Onyx® embolization. We provide a literature review on both conditions and their endovascular management.
UMohamad Abdalkader, Artem Kaliaev and Thanh Nguyen
Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Therapy received 177 citations as per google scholar report