Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Therapy

Description

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability and the second most common cause of death globally. It occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted leading to brain cell damage. The consequences of a stroke can be devastating affecting motor skills speech and cognitive functions. However, the good news is that many strokes are preventable through lifestyle modifications medical treatments and early intervention. Understanding stroke prevention is important for healthcare provider’s individuals at risk and the general public to mitigate the impact of stroke on individuals and society. This type occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain. Ischemic strokes are often caused by conditions such as atherosclerosis. This type results from the rupture of a blood vessel leading to bleeding in or around the brain. Hemorrhagic strokes are less common but can be more severe and challenging to treat. The leading cause is often high blood pressure which can weaken artery walls over time. Elevated blood pressure is the most significant risk factor for both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.

Hemorrhagic

An irregular heartbeat can cause blood clots to form in the heart which can then travel to the brain causing a stroke. Poorly controlled blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels increasing stroke risk. Elevated levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol can contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries. Tobacco use damages blood vessels and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis. Excess weight can increase blood pressure cholesterol levels and the risk of diabetes. Lack of regular exercise contributes to high blood pressure obesity and heart disease all of which increase stroke risk. Heavy drinking can cause hypertension atrial fibrillation and heart disease all of which are linked to strokes. A family history of stroke increases the risk suggesting a genetic predisposition or shared environmental risk factors. Adopt a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and low-fat dairy products. Reduce intake of saturated fats trans fats cholesterol, salt and added sugars. Regular physical activity such as walking swimming or biking can help lower blood pressure improve cholesterol levels and maintain a healthy weight. Losing excess weight can reduce blood pressure improve cholesterol levels and decrease the risk of diabetes all of which are linked to stroke prevention. Stopping smoking reduces the risk of stroke by lowering blood pressure improving circulation and reducing blood clotting.

Medications

Managing diabetes with insulin metformin or other medications can reduce the risk of stroke in individuals with diabetes. For individuals with significant carotid artery narrowing surgical removal of the artery’s inner lining can reduce the risk of stroke. These procedures open blocked arteries and restore normal blood flow reducing stroke risk. Regular monitoring of blood pressure cholesterol and blood sugar levels is important for those at risk of stroke. Healthcare providers play a important role in guiding patients through prevention strategies, providing early diagnosis and treatment and educating the public about the importance of stroke prevention. Through combined efforts the incidence of stroke can be reduced leading to better health outcomes and quality of life for individuals worldwide. It causes damage to blood vessel walls increasing the risk of clot formation and rupture. Buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries can narrow or block blood flow leading to strokes.